PROPOSTA DE GESTÃO DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS NA ÁREA URBANA DE LONDRINA-PR: O CASO DO PLUGIN FREEWAT

Abstract

This work focuses on the importance of water for life, especially for underground processes that cannot be seen by people, making them difficult to understand. Therefore, we proposed a political-administrative model for the management of groundwater resources through the application of the FREEWAT plugin. To this end, we reviewed the legal framework concerning the political-administrative management of groundwater at the federal, state, and municipal hierarchical levels, focusing on the municipality of Londrina. In addition, we collected data from official bodies regarding the physical-geographical environment and groundwater, extracted through deep tubular wells. These data were processed using Quantum GIS software version 2.18.21 Las Palmas with the aforementioned plugin, generating a model of hydrogeological dynamics and simulating feasible future scenarios. Thus, we proposed this political-administrative management model through the creation of a Municipal Groundwater Resources Monitoring System. As a result, the generated hydrogeological models indicated that the piezometric level in the investigated area is controlled by hydrography and topography, pointing to the main flow patterns directed northeast and southeast, following the urban hypsometry and the hydrographic basins of the Cafezal, Cambé, Jacutinga, and Lindóia streams. The simulated scenarios showed the influence on the piezometric level, with water withdrawal from wells and a decrease in the aquifer's hydraulic load in the central and northwestern regions of the study area. However, the scenarios showed the maintenance of the piezometric surface, indicating the possibility of continued groundwater exploitation in other sectors of the city of Londrina. It is worth noting that the protection of recharge areas, as well as the development of public policies and technical-practical actions for environmental management and qualification, are fundamental measures to prevent the lowering of the water table, since impermeabilization and unregulated groundwater extraction in the urban environment act as obstacles to the aquifer's replenishment.